CODEBOOK AND USER'S MANUAL: A SURVEY OF 1,165 WORKERS IN KANSAS, 1884-1887 REPORTED IN THE FIRST, SECOND, AND THIRD ANNUAL REPORTS OF THE KANSAS BUREAU OF LABOR AND INDUSTRIAL STATISTICS Version 3.0 January 18, 1993 Susan B. Carter Roger L. Ransom Richard Sutch Hongcheng Zhao Historical Labor Statistics Project Institute of Business and Economic Research University of California Berkeley, California 94720 This codebook is a preliminary draft. The data described here and accompanying this version of the codebook is still in a preliminary format and may contain errors. Those wishing to use this data for research purposes should check with the authors for an update. Neither the collectors of the data or those sponsoring the data collection wish to bear responsibility for the use to which others may make of this data. The financial support of the National Science Foundation, the All-UC Group in Economic History, and of the Institute of Business and Economic Research and the Laboratory for Historical Research, both of the University of California, is appreciated. For further description of the Historical Labor Statistics Project, discussion of the social, economic, and political context in which the data were collected, and an assessment of data quality, see Susan B. Carter, Roger L. Ransom, and Richard Sutch, "The Historical Labor Statistics Project at the University of California," Historical Methods 24 (2) (Spring 1991): 52-65 and Susan B. Carter, Roger L. Ransom, and Richard Sutch, "Doing the Wright Thing: Carroll Wright and the State Labor Statistics Movement." Paper Presented at the Conference on Historical Labor Statistics, Lawrence, Kansas, June 1991. Suggested Citation: Susan B. Carter, Roger L. Ransom, Richard Sutch, and Hongcheng Zhao. Codebook and User's Manual: A Survey of 1,165 Workers in Kansas, 1884-1887; Reported in the First, Second, and Third Annual Reports of the Kansas Bureau of Labor and Industrial Statistics. Berkeley: Institute of Business and Economic Research, 1993. A SURVEY OF 1,165 WORKERS IN KANSAS, 1884-1887 The Kansas Bureau of Labor and Industrial Statistics was established in 1885 and among the first tasks it undertook was to conduct a survey of individual working men and women to ascertain their wages, days worked, total income, expenditure, savings and other data relating to the economic and social condition of employees in the State. The Bureau's questionnaire requested information for the year ending July 1, 1885. The questionnaire was apparently mailed in July to potential respondents who were requested to return it by mail to the Commissioner's office in Topeka. The cover letter accompanying the questionnaire included the following explanation:[1] Herewith find law governing the action of this Bureau. To succeed, the cooperation of the people is essential. This is especially true of the working classes -- the wage workers. ... I have prepared the accompanying blank, which I desire you to fill. The desired data can only be furnished by individual working men and working women from their actual experience, and is accordingly sought from themselves in this way. The Commissioner desires it distinctly understood that no name will be published of those giving information, and that you can fully express your views upon the blank furnished, without fear that the author may become known. The questions asked in the survey are reproduced in Table 1. The First Annual Report of the Bureau published the responses received from 358 respondents.[2] The survey was repeated with the essentially identical questionnaire for the years ending July 1, 1886 and July 1, 1887. The Second Annual Report published 407 individual responses and the Third Annual Report published 400.[3] The complete data set includes the responses of 1,165 individuals reporting over 100 distinct occupations. The Historical Labor Statistics Project has transformed this data into machine-readable format using the procedures and codes outlined in this Codebook. Table 1 lists the variable names assigned to each response in the survey. Tables 2 through 36 present descriptive statistics on the values and distribution of responses to the questions, including, where necessary, the numeric codes used in entering the data into the computer. For the most part, the responses to the questions asked speak for themselves. However, a few require some comments: ID and SUB_ID: The case number designated by the ID code was assigned by the Historical Labor Statistics Project. No particular significance is associated with these codes or the order of the individuals within the data set. SUB_ID, on the other hand, is the case number assigned by the Kansas Bureau and can be used to locate the original data on the page of the report denoted by the variable PAGE. Not all record numbers are integer values. COUNTY: The county of residence was explicitly included only in the Second Report, however since the city of residence was reported in all three Reports the county could be inferred, if needed, from the RES codes. EXODUST: The First Annual Report included in a separate section a table giving the responses to the Commissioner's survey obtained from seventeen "exodusters".[4] The exodusters were Blacks who left Mississippi and other deep South states in the late 1870s to settle in Kansas.[5] All seventeen who responded lived in the town of Wynodotte. SURPLUS and DEFICIT: were reported in the Second and Third Annual Reports, but not in the First. It may have been calculated by the Bureau rather than asked directly of the respondent. However, there are many discrepancies between the value of these variables as reported and the figure calculated as TOTEAR minus COL. For this reason, we suspect that SURPLUS and DEFICIT were reported explicitly and may represent the respondents' best guess as to the amount saved by the family during the year. HOSFEE: In the First and Second Reports the respondents report a dollar amount of money withheld each month by their employer for hospital fees. This sum is reported under the variable name HOSFEE. In the Third Report the yes or no answer to the question "Are hospital fees withheld monthly?" is reported. This variable is recorded as HOSFEE. BENESOC: The question asked of respondents was "Do you belong to any beneficiary association?" However, the responses were apparently recorded under the table heading "Has Insurance: Weekly Benefit" as part of a triplet that included "Has Insurance: Accident" and "Has Insurance: Life or Fire." NEVSAV: The First and part of the Second Report include "yes" or "no" information headed with the legend "Never Saved." We suspect this information was inferred by the Bureau from the response given to the question "Have you accumulated any savings during former years?" A never-saved question was not included in the questionnaire published in the First Report and with only a few exceptions the value of NEVSAV is the opposite of the value of FORSAV. The data from this sample of 1,165 workers in Kansas in 1884 through 1887 has been archived at the Laboratory for Historical Research at the University of California, Riverside. For additional information regarding the availability of these data please contact: Professor Roger Ransom Department of History University of California Riverside, CA 92521 FAX [909] 787-5299 NOTES 1. Kansas, Bureau of Labor and Industrial Statistics, First Annual Report, January 1, 1886, Topeka: T.D. Thacher, State Printer, 1886, pp. 10-11 2. Ibid., pp. 207-224, 256-257. 3. Kansas, Bureau of Labor and Industrial Statistics, Second Annual Report, January 1, 1887, Topeka: T.D. Thatcher, State Printer, 1887, pp. 307-351; Third Annual Report, January 1, 1888, Topeka: Clifford C. Baker, State Printer, 1888, pp. 134-156. 4. Kansas, First Annual Report, pp. 256-257. 5. Nell I. Painter, Exodusters, New York, 1976. Vernon Lane Wharton, The Negro in Mississippi, 1865-1890, University of North Carolina Press, 1947, pp. 113-116. U.S. Senate (44th Congress, 2d Session), Report and Testimony of the Select Committee of the United States Senate to Investigate the Causes of the Removal of the Negroes from the Southern States to the Northern States, Senate Report 693, Government Printing Office. Table 1 Questions Asked of Respondents Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Name Description PAGE Page Number ID Case Number for this Three-Year Data Set YEAR Year of Report (86= 1884-85, 87= 1885-86, 88= 1886-87) SUB_ID Record Number Assigned by the Kansas Bureau COUNTY County Code [1887 only] OCC Occupation Code AGE Age POB Place of Birth Code RES City of Residence Code EXODUST Code for Exodusters HOURS Number of Hours Employed Daily WAGEDAY Earnings per Day TOTEAR Total Earnings for the Year Ending July 1 DLOSTSIC Number of Days Lost during the Year from Sickness NOWORK Number of Days Lost During the Year from Inability to Obtain Work DLOSTOTH Number of Days Lost During the Year from other Causes OFAMEAR Earnings of all Others in Your Family for Same Year COLYR Total Cost of Living during the Year for Self and Family OWNHM Do You Own a Home? ROOMS If not, How Many Rooms do You Rent? RENT What Rent do You Pay? FAMSIZE Total Number in Your Family NOWAGE Number Engaged in Working for Wages SCH How Many of Your Children Attend School? PERIOD How Often are You Paid? WTHHLD Are any Wages Withheld under Certain Rules? HOSFEE Monthly Hospital Fees Withheld [1886 and 1887] UNION Do You Belong to a Trade Union? BENESOC Do You Belong to any Beneficiary Association? INSACC Have You Accident Insurance? INSLIFE Have You Fire and/or Life Insurance? WGCHG Increase or Reduction in Wages CHGWG Percentage Change in the Wages COLCHG Increase or Decrease in the Cost of Living CHGCOL Percentage Change in the Cost of Living FORSAV Have You Accumulated any Savings during Former Years? IFSAV Have You Accumulated any Savings during Past Year? NEVSAV Have You never Accumulated Savings? [1885-56 and 1886-87 only] IFDEBT Have You Run into Debt during the Year? FAMHSE How Many Families Live in the Same House in Which You Reside? DESEASE Disease Peculiar to Occupation SURPLUS Excess of Earnings over Expenses DEFICIT Excess of Expenses over Earnings REMARK Remarks Attached to some Respondents Table 2 Year [YEAR] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-87 Code Year of Survey Frequency 86 1884-85 358 87 1885-86 407 88 1886-87 400 Total 1,165 Table 3 County [COUNTY] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-87 Code Response Frequency -8 Not asked in the survey 758 1 Atchison 13 2 Cloud 31 3 Cowley 15 4 Dickinson 30 5 Douglas 22 6 Harvey 11 7 Leavenworth 15 8 Lyon 22 9 Montgomery 6 10 Pottawatomie 11 11 Shawnee 91 12 Wyandotte 117 13 Bourbon 1 14 Clay 2 15 Crawford 4 16 Finney 1 17 Franklin 1 18 Greenwood 1 19 Jefferson 1 20 Mitchell 1 21 Marshall 3 22 Miami 2 23 Norton 1 24 Sedgwick 5 Total 1,165 Table 4 Occupation [OCC] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Code Response Frequency 1 Blacksmith helper 4 2 Blacksmith 22 3 Boilermakers helper 4 4 Book-keeper 6 5 Brick maker 15 6 Brick layer 1 7 Broom maker 3 8 Butcher 11 9 Butterine maker 1 10 Cabinet maker 8 11 Carpenter 169 12 Car inspector 4 13 Car builder 12 14 Car cleaner 1 15 Car maker 3 16 Coach inspector 1 17 Coach builder 3 18 Constable 1 19 Clerk 20 20 Cigar maker 23 21 Cooper 5 22 Coach cleaner 3 23 Engineer, Stationary 21 24 Engineer, Locomotive 12 25 Expressman 3 26 Farmer 3 27 Foreman 23 28 Fireman, Locomotive 7 29 Fruit raiser 1 30 Gas fitter 1 31 Gas employee 1 32 Gardener 3 33 Harnessmaker 19 34 Laborer, Day 62 35 Laborer, Railroad 77 36 laborer, Handler 6 37 Laborer, Female 2 38 Laborer 163 39 Letter carrier 2 40 Machinist 41 41 Apprentice machinist 13 42 Mason, Stone 38 43 Marshall, Deputy 2 44 Molder 21 45 Millwright 6 46 Paper maker 5 47 Painter 26 48 Plasterer 25 49 Printer 47 50 Shoemaker 18 51 Smelter 1 52 Street commissioner 1 53 Street-car conductor 1 54 Street-car diver 2 55 Stencil cutter 1 56 Switchman 9 57 Stone cutter 24 58 Teacher 8 59 Telegraph operator 2 60 Teamster 16 61 Tailoress 3 62 Tin smith 4 63 Brakeman 6 64 Car repairer 4 65 Groceryman 3 66 Janitor 6 67 Wagonmaker 3 68 Weaver 1 69 Tailor 2 70 Agent 3 71 Barber 3 73 Coal miner 1 74 Brakeman 3 76 Carpet weaver 2 77 RR section hand 6 78 Hostler 2 79 Pattern maker 2 80 Quarryman 1 81 Tinner 10 82 Wheelwright 2 83 Salesman 4 84 Well digger 3 85 Baggage handler 1 86 Bookbinder 6 87 Drayman 1 88 Driller 1 90 Marble cutter 3 92 Plumber 4 93 Pumper 1 94 Real estate sales 1 95 Sawyer 2 96 Steam fitter 2 97 Watchman 3 98 RR wiper 3 99 Boilermaker 7 100 Chipper, Ironworks 1 101 Cook 1 102 Laborer, Farm 4 103 Apprentice plasterer 2 104 Restaurant keeper 1 105 Seamstress 4 106 Watchmaker 1 107 Gunsmith 1 108 Hod carrier 4 109 Gathering junk 1 110 Plasterer & Bricklayer 1 111 Washerwoman 1 112 Minister 1 Total 1,165 Table 5 Age [AGE] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-87 Age or code Frequency -9(No response) 3 16 - 20 years old 11 21 - 25 78 26 - 30 191 31 - 35 219 36 - 40 246 41 - 45 149 46 - 50 122 51 - 55 69 56 - 60 58 61 - 65 11 66 - 79 8 Total 1,165 Table 6 Place of Birth [POB] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 6 1 Alabama 2 2 Connecticut 6 3 Georgia 2 4 Illinois 85 5 Indiana 134 6 Iowa 29 7 Kansas 21 8 Kentucky 69 9 Maine 6 10 Maryland 6 11 Massachusetts 18 12 Michigan 15 13 Mississippi 9 14 Missouri 102 15 New Hampshire 5 16 New Jersey 11 17 New York 71 18 Ohio 105 19 Pennsylvania 94 20 Rhode Island 3 21 South Carolina 2 22 Tennessee 39 23 Texas 1 24 Vermont 7 25 Virginia 24 26 West Virginia 6 27 Wisconsin 25 28 Washington 1 29 Minnesota 2 30 Arkansas 5 31 North Carolina 9 32 California 1 33 District Columbia 1 34 Louisiana 5 35 Nebraska 1 49 Indian Territory 1 Sub total United States 923 51 Austria 2 52 Belgium 1 53 Canada 17 54 Denmark 5 55 England 31 56 France 4 57 Germany 44 58 Ireland 82 59 Prussia 5 60 Scotland 11 61 Sweden 19 62 Wales 10 63 Swiss 2 64 Italy 1 65 Europe 1 90 At Sea 1 Sub total foreign 236 Total 1,165 Table 7 City of Residence [RES] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 2 1 Abilene 20 2 Argentine 12 3 Armourdale 7 4 Armstrong 24 5 Atchison 107 6 Chetopa 1 7 Clay Center 5 8 Connors 9 9 Emporia 38 10 Fall River 2 11 Freedonia 1 12 Independence 6 13 Junction City 3 14 Kansas City, Mo 128 15 Kansas City, Ks 4 16 Lawrence 60 17 Leavenworth 65 18 Muncie 2 19 Olathe 2 20 Osage Mission 1 21 Oswego 1 22 Ottawa 2 23 Pomeroy 33 24 Rosedale 9 25 Topeka 277 26 White Church 1 27 Wichita 6 28 Wynodotte 185 29 Concordia 26 30 Jamestown 12 31 Arkansas City 11 32 Winfield 10 33 Solomon City 12 34 Newton 7 35 Burrton 4 36 Oketo 3 37 Paola 2 38 Pittsburg 1 39 Bonner Spring 1 40 Wamego 11 41 Fort Scott 1 42 Garden City 1 43 Glen Elder 1 44 Litchfield 2 45 Nortonville 2 46 Six Mile 1 50 Cherryvale 5 51 Burden 8 52 Burlington 2 53 Cawker City 3 54 Chanute 1 55 Delphos 2 56 Hiawatha 5 57 Lenora 6 58 Madison 1 59 Mankato 1 60 Minneapolis 1 61 Osage City 1 62 Perryville 1 63 Ruebens 2 64 Stockton 1 65 Toronto 1 66 Wabanesse County 1 67 Walnut Grove 1 68 Woodson County 1 Total 1,165 Table 8 Code for Exodusters [EXODUST] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Code Response Frequency -8 Not asked in the survey 1,148 2 Yes 17 Total 1,165 Table 9 Number of Hours Worked Each Day [HOURS] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Hours or code Frequency -9(No response) 4 3.00 - 6.00 hours 5 6.01 - 7.00 3 7.01 - 8.00 67 8.01 - 9.00 80 9.01 - 10.00 861 10.01 - 11.00 31 11.01 - 12.00 67 12.01 - 13.00 17 13.01 - 14.00 9 14.01 - 15.00 9 15.01 - 16.00 5 16.01 - 17.00 4 17.01 - 18.00 2 18.01 - 19.00 1 Total 1,165 Table 10 Earnings per Day [WAGEDAY] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Wages or code Frequency -9(No response) 19 $0.22 - 0.50 6 0.51 - 1.00 37 1.01 - 1.50 371 1.51 - 2.00 240 2.01 - 2.50 298 2.51 - 3.00 130 3.01 - 3.50 33 3.51 - 4.50 31 Total 1,165 Table 11 Total Earnings for the Year ending July 1 [TOTEAR] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 6 $23.00 - 100.00 24 100.01 - 200.00 56 200.01 - 300.00 175 300.01 - 400.00 226 400.01 - 500.00 179 500.01 - 600.00 176 600.01 - 700.00 167 700.01 - 800.00 90 800.01 - 900.00 32 900.01 - 1,000.00 16 1,000.01 - 1,600.00 18 Total 1,165 Table 12 Number of Days Lost from Sickness and other Causes Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Frequency Days From sickness From other causes or code [DLOSTSIC] [DLOSTOTH] -9(No response) 784 790 0.50 - 10.00 days 148 182 10.01 - 20.00 100 75 20.01 - 30.00 46 38 30.01 - 40.00 18 18 40.01 - 50.00 10 14 50.01 - 60.00 14 17 60.01 - 70.00 3 6 70.01 - 80.00 10 5 80.01 - 90.00 7 5 90.01 - 100.00 7 0 100.01 - 300.00 18 15 Total 1,165 1,165 Table 13 Number of Days Lost from Inability to Obtain Work [NOWORK] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Days or code Frequency -9(No response) 459 2.00 - 20.00 days 68 20.01 - 40.00 119 40.01 - 60.00 135 60.01 - 80.00 91 80.01 - 100.00 75 100.01 - 120.00 60 120.01 - 140.00 35 140.01 - 160.00 60 160.01 - 180.00 16 180.01 - 200.00 25 200.01 - 300.00 22 Total 1,165 Table 14 Earnings of all Others in Your Family [OFAMEAR] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 939 $3.00 - 50.00 62 50.01 - 100.00 56 100.01 - 150.00 25 150.01 - 200.00 21 200.01 - 250.00 16 250.01 - 300.00 14 300.01 - 350.00 5 350.01 - 400.00 9 400.01 - 1,075.00 18 Total 1,165 Table 15 Total Cost of Living for Self and Family [COLYR] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Cost or code Frequency -9(No response) 5 $75.00 - 100.00 11 100.01 - 200.00 69 200.01 - 300.00 201 300.01 - 400.00 259 400.01 - 500.00 257 500.01 - 600.00 205 600.01 - 700.00 103 700.01 - 800.00 30 800.01 - 900.00 14 900.01 - 1,000.00 5 1,000.01 - 1,541.00 6 Total 1,165 Table 16 Do You Own a Home? [OWNHM] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 631 2 Yes 534 Total 1,165 Table 17 If You don't Own a Home, How Many Rooms do You Rent? [ROOMS] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Rooms or code Frequency -9(No response) 612 1 room 51 2 161 3 185 4 109 5 30 6 14 7 2 8 1 Total 1,165 Table 18 What Rent do You Pay? [RENT] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Rent or code Frequency -9(No response) 620 $1.00 - 2.00 18 2.01 - 3.00 27 3.01 - 4.00 37 4.01 - 5.00 57 5.01 - 6.00 60 6.01 - 7.00 61 7.01 - 8.00 72 8.01 - 9.00 33 9.01 - 10.00 87 10.01 - 11.00 9 11.01 - 12.00 29 12.01 - 13.00 15 13.01 - 14.00 1 14.01 - 15.00 25 15.01 - 87.00 14 Total 1,165 Table 19 Total Number in Your Family [FAMSIZE] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Number or code Frequency -9(No response) 15 1 person 71 2 138 3 208 4 219 5 205 6 158 7 83 8 36 9 20 10 7 11 3 12 1 15 1 Total 1,165 Table 20 Number Engaged in Working for Wages [NOWAGE] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Number or code Frequency -9(No response) 39 1 person 920 2 165 3 29 4 10 5 2 Total 1,165 Table 21 How Many of Your Children Attend School? [SCH] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Number or code Frequency -9(No response) 531 1 child 233 2 239 3 102 4 44 5 12 6 2 7 1 8 1 Total 1,165 Table 22 How Often are You Paid? [PERIOD] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 56 1 Daily 6 2 Weekly 597 3 Semi-monthly 43 4 Monthly 444 5 Irregular 19 Total 1,165 Table 23 Are any Wages Withheld under Certain Rules? [WTHHLD] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 889 -8 Not asked in the survey 17 2 Yes 259 Total 1,165 Table 24 Monthly Hospital Fees Withheld [HOSFEE] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 900 -7("Yes", but giving no amount) 110 $0.25 108 0.35 28 0.45 1 0.50 12 1.00 5 3.00 1 Total 1,165 Table 25 Do You Belong to a Trade Union or any Beneficiary Association? Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Frequency Code Response Trade Union Beneficiary Asso. [UNION] [BENESOC] -9 No response 636 858 2 Yes 529 307 Total 1,165 1,165 Table 26 Have You Accident and Fire/Life Insurance? Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Frequency Code Response Accident Fire and/or Life [INSACC] [INSLIFE] -9 No response 1,101 750 2 Yes 64 415 Total 1,165 1,165 Table 27 Increase or Decrease in Wages and the Cost of Living Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Frequency Code Response Wages Cost of Living [WGCHG] [COLCHG] -9 No response 657 726 1 Same 267 282 2 Decrease 124 31 3 Increase 117 126 Total 1,165 1,165 Table 28 Percentage Change in the Wages [CHGWG] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Percent or code Frequency If answer to WGCHG in Table 27 is '-9', -9(No response) 657 If answer to WGCHG in Table 27 is '1', -7(Not applicable) 267 If answer to WGCHG in Table 27 is '2', -6(No percentage is given) 118 5.00 - 10.00% 2 10.01 - 20.00 3 20.01 - 30.00 0 30.01 - 33.00 1 If answer to WGCHG in Table 27 is '3', -6(No percentage is given) 85 5.00 - 10.00% 22 10.01 - 20.00 8 20.01 - 30.00 1 30.01 - 104.00 1 Total 1,165 Table 29 Percentage Change in the Cost of Living [CHGCOL] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Percent or code Frequency If answer to COLCHG in Table 27 is '-9', -9(No response) 726 If answer to COLCHG in Table 27 is '1', -7(Not applicable) 282 If answer to COLCHG in Table 27 is '2', -6(No percentage is given) 30 10.00% 1 If answer to COLCHG in Table 27 is '3', -6(No percentage is given) 110 1.00% 1 5.00 2 10.00 11 25.00 2 Total 1,165 Table 30 Have You Accumulated any Savings? Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Frequency Code Response Former years Past year [FORSAV] [IFSAV] -9 No response 450 686 2 Yes 715 479 Total 1,165 1,165 Table 31 Have You never Accumulated Savings? [NEVSAV] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 642 -8 Not asked in the survey 400 -7 Missing column in the report 19 1 No 104 Total 1,165 Table 32 Have You Run into Debt during the Year? [IFDEBT] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 883 2 Yes 282 Total 1,165 Table 33 How Many Families Live in the Same House? [FAMHSE] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Number or code Frequency -9(No response) 132 1 family 868 2 126 3 27 4 7 5 1 6 2 8 1 9 1 Total 1,165 Table 34 Illnesses Related to Occupations Reported by Workers [DESEASE] Survey of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 899 1 Accidents 51 2 Ague 4 3 Alcoholism 1 4 All kinds 1 5 Backache 4 6 Bad air 1 7 Biliousnous 2 8 Blindness 1 9 Blood poison 1 10 Catarrh 4 11 Chest 1 12 Colds 5 13 Colic 2 14 Consumption 21 15 Contagious 1 16 Dangerous 1 17 Deafness 5 18 Dipsomania 1 19 Drunkenness 1 20 Dyspepsia 5 21 Exposure 9 22 Fever 3 23 Hard work 4 24 Healthy 13 25 Heart 1 26 Indigestion 6 27 Insomnia 1 28 Intemperance 1 29 Kidney disease 5 30 Laziness 1 31 Lead poison 13 32 Liver 2 33 Lung disease 14 34 Malaria 17 35 More rest 1 36 Neuralgia 1 37 Old age 2 38 Overheat 1 39 Overwork 1 40 Piles 2 41 Pneumonia 2 42 Pulmonary 4 43 Rheumatism 43 44 Scabs 1 45 Sunstroke 3 46 Taxes & int 1 47 Want of exercise 1 Total 1,165 Table 35 Excess of Earnings over Expenses Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Frequency Value Surplus Deficit or code [SURPLUS] [DEFICIT] -9(No response) 163 163 -8(Not asked in the survey) 358 358 -7(Not applicable) 155 489 $0.25 - 50.00 101 90 50.01 - 100.00 88 48 100.01 - 150.00 85 10 150.01 - 200.00 75 4 200.01 - 250.00 41 2 250.01 - 300.00 30 1 300.01 - 350.00 26 0 350.01 - 400.00 17 0 400.01 - 450.00 11 0 450.01 - 500.00 8 0 500.01 - 775.00 7 0 Total 1,165 1,165 Table 36 Remarks Attached to some Respondents [REMARK] Surveys of 1,165 Kansas Workers, 1884-1887 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 319 -8 Not asked in the survey 807 1 1 hour per day reduction in time 1 2 11 hours day; 13 hours night 1 3 18 days 1 4 2 days 1 5 20 days in time 1 6 Accidents 1 7 Are docked for talking 1 8 Colic 1 9 Didn't work during year, from sickness 1 10 Does not give cost of living 1 11 Employed 5 months 1 12 Exposure to dangers 1 13 Ground rent 1 14 Has no regular pay-day 1 15 Has to work overtime without extra pay when necessary 4 16 In board from $4 to $2.75 1 17 Locality of shop unhealthy 1 18 Monthly pay withheld 20 days 1 19 Pays $4 per week for board 1 20 Per day 1 21 Piece work 2 22 Quarterly 1 23 Reduction of 2 hours in time 1 24 Rheumatism 1 25 Single 4 26 Unmarried 5 27 Went in debt for home 1 28 Works 7 days every week 1 Total 1,165