CODEBOOK AND USER'S MANUAL: A SURVEY OF 1,058 WAGE-EARNERS IN KANSAS, 1899 REPORTED IN THE FIFTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE KANSAS BUREAU OF LABOR AND INDUSTRY Version 1.1 May 10, 1993 Susan B. Carter Roger L. Ransom Richard Sutch Hongcheng Zhao Historical Labor Statistics Project Institute of Business and Economic Research University of California Berkeley, California 94720 This codebook is a preliminary draft. The data described here and accompanying this version of the codebook is still in a preliminary format and may contain errors. Those wishing to use this data for research purposes should check with the authors for an update. Neither the collectors of the data or those sponsoring the data collection wish to bear responsibility for the use to which others may make of this data. The financial support of the National Science Foundation, the All-UC Group in Economic History, and of the Institute of Business and Economic Research and the Laboratory for Historical Research, both of the University of California, is appreciated. For further description of the Historical Labor Statistics Project, discussion of the social, economic, and political context in which the data were collected, and an assessment of data quality, see Susan B. Carter, Roger L. Ransom, and Richard Sutch, "The Historical Labor Statistics Project at the University of California," Historical Methods 24 (2) (Spring 1991): 52-65 and Susan B. Carter, Roger L. Ransom, and Richard Sutch, "Doing the Wright Thing: Carroll Wright and the State Labor Statistics Movement." Paper Presented at the Conference on Historical Labor Statistics, Lawrence, Kansas, June 1991. Suggested Citation: Susan B. Carter, Roger L. Ransom, Richard Sutch, and Hongcheng Zhao. Codebook and User's Manual: A Survey of 1,058 Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1899; Reported in the Fifteenth Annual Report of the Kansas Bureau of Labor and Industry. Berkeley: Institute of Business and Economic Research, 1993. A SURVEY OF 1,058 KANSAS WAGE-EARNERS, 1899 This survey of 1,058 wage-earners in Kansas was conducted by the State's Bureau of Labor and Industry and published in its Fifteenth Annual Report for 1899. [1] It was the largest, most comprehensive investigation undertaken by that agency by that time. Though the Kansas Bureau had previously undertaken a number of worker surveys, this was the first since the passage of a law in 1898 placing the Bureau of Labor under the control and operation of the State Society of Labor and Industry and requiring that any "person, company or the proper officer of any corporation operating within the state" provide "full and complete answers," "returned under oath" to interrogations made by the Commissioner. Failure to comply was considered a misdemeanor, punishable by fine and/or imprisonment. [2] The Bureau was to preserve the confidentiality of respondents. The Bureau felt that the change in organization allowed it to develop a closer degree of cooperation with wage-earners, citing "an improvement in the general responses to the inquiries of the department," and "personal interest manifested in the work of the Bureau by wage-earner generally throughout the state." It concluded, "This relation has enabled the Bureau to present what we believe to be the most comprehensive chapter on wage-earner statistics that has been presented in this state." [3] The Bureau prepared a comprehensive, 47-item questionnaire covering the following topics: nativity; occupation and employment; earnings and income; cost of living, investment, insurance, homes, rental, and savings; organizations; and miscellaneous questions concerning legislation. A full list of the exact questions asked is shown in Table 1. The investigation was conducted by mail. The Bureau did not report the number of questionnaires it sent out, only that 1,058 reports "sufficiently complete for tabulation" were returned. It felt, nonetheless, that the reports were "representative of the various railway, mechanical and miscellaneous trades, as well as representative from a geographical point of view." [4] The wage-earner reports were grouped according to five classes of wage-earners. The classes and number of respondents in each are as follows: Class A: Railway employees--train service 168 wage-earners Class B: Railway employees--miscellaneous 87 trades Class C: Building trades 276 Class D: Miscellaneous trades 396 Class E: Female wage-earners 131 Total 1,058 The Historical Labor Statistics Project has transformed these data into machine-readable form using the procedures and codes outlined in this Codebook. Table 1 lists the questions asked in the survey and the variable names assigned to each response. Tables 2 through 64 present descriptive statistics on the values and distributions of responses to the questions asked including, where necessary, the numeric codes used in entering the data into the computer. Since version 1.0, some of the variable names and most of the variable codes have been changed. Users are reminded to be aware of these changes. The data from this sample of 1,058 wage-earners in Kansas in 1899 has been archived at the Laboratory for Historical Research at the University of California, Riverside. For additional information regarding the availability of these data please contact: Professor Roger Ransom Department of History University of California Riverside, CA 92521 FAX [909] 787-5299 NOTES [1] Kansas Bureau of Labor and Industry, Fifteenth Annual Report 1899. Topeka: W. Y. Morgan, State Printer, 1900. [2] Ibid., p. 2. [3] Ibid., p. 1. [4] Ibid., p. 4. Table 1 Questions Asked of Respondents, A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Name Description PAGE Page on Which Worker's Survey Results Begin ID Case Number CLASS Classification of Wage Earner SEX Sex OCC Present Occupation RES County AGE Age POB Place of Birth TRADE Trade or Occupation PRESEMPL Present Employment RRSYSTEM Railroad System Employed on LNGTHDIV Length of Division, in Miles MILEMO Average Number of Miles Made Per Month DISTMO Average Number of District Days Per Month PUNISH Kind of System of Punishment for Offenses PREFPUN Preference of System of Punishment for Offenses YRSOCC Length of Time Worked for Present Employer OPPCHG Opportunity for Employment as Compared with 1898 DLOSTSIC Number of Days Lost due to Sickness NOWORK Number of Days Lost due to Inability to Obtain Work DLOSTOTH Number of Days Lost due to other Causes DLOST Total Number of Days Lost HOURS Average Number of Hours Worked Per Day DAYSCHG Length of Work-day as Compared with 1898 NORMHRS Number of Hours that should Constitute a Day's Work at Present Employment LAWHRS Are You in favor of a Universal Eight-hour Work-day Established by Law WAGEHR Rate of Wages Received Per Hour WAGEDAY Rate of Wages Received Per Day WAGEWK Rate of Wages Received Per Week WAGEMO Rate of Wages Received Per Month WAGETON Rate of Wages Received Per Ton WAGEPIE Rate of Wages Received Per Piece for Piece-work WAGEMILE Rate of Wages Received Per Mile EDAYPIE Average Earnings Per Day for Piece-work or Ton WAGE Total Wages Received for Labor during 1899 OTHINC Income from Other Sources TOTEAR Total Income from all Sources, including Wages PERIOD When Wages Paid? PREFPER Preference of Interval of Wages Payment WGCHG Wages as Compared with 1898 MS Marriage Status HEAD Head of Family DEP Number of Persons Dependent for Support EXPFOOD Expenditures on Food EXPFUEL Expenditures on Fuel EXPCLOT Expenditures on Clothing EXPSICK Expenditures on Sickness RENT Expenditures on Rent TOTEXP Total Expenditures for Living EXPCHG Expenditure for Living as Compared with 1898 PAYCASH Is Cash Paid at Time of Purchase? PREFPAY Preference of Cash or Credit System INVEST Total Amount of Permanent Investment aside from Insurance INSLCAR Old-line Life Insurance, Amount Carried INSLCOS Old-line Life Insurance, Annual Cost INSFCAR Fraternal Life Insurance, Amount Carried INSFCOS Fraternal Life Insurance, Annual Cost INSACAR Accident Insurance, Amount Carried INSAIND Accident Insurance, Weekly Indemnity INSACOS Accident Insurance, Annual Cost INSFHCAR Fire Insurance on Home, Amount Carried INSFHCOS Fire Insurance on Home, Annual Cost INSFGCAR Fire Insurance on Household Goods, Amount Carried INSFGCOS Fire Insurance on Household Goods, Annual Cost TOTINSCA Total Insurance of all Kinds, Amount Carried TOTINSCO Total Insurance of all Kinds, Annual Cost HOME Do You Own a Home? HMVALUE Value of Home TAXES Amount Paid for Taxes, Repairs, and Improvements INCUMB Amount of Incumbrance on Home MORTINTR Amount of Interest Paid RENTAL Monthly Rental for Home MISC Amount Paid out for Miscellaneous Purposes COLYR Total Cost of Living SAVINGS Savings over Earnings and Income DEFICIT Expenditures over Earnings and Income UNION Member of What Labor Organization Table 2 Classification of Wage-Earner [CLASS] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Code Response Frequency 1 Class A: Railway employees-- train service wage-earners 168 2 Class B: Railway employees-- miscellaneous trades 87 3 Class C: Building trades 276 4 Class D: Miscellaneous trades 396 5 Class E: Female wage-earners 131 Total 1,058 Table 3 Sex [SEX] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Code Response Frequency 1 Male 927 2 Female 131 Total 1,058 Table 4 Present Occupation [OCC] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Code Response Frequency 1 Agent & Telegraph Op. 20 2 Barber 21 3 Blacksmith 8 4 Brakeman 44 5 Butcher 24 6 Carpenter 79 7 Cigar-maker 7 8 Conductor 33 9 Engineer 19 10 Fireman 13 11 Laborer 109 12 Leather Worker 11 13 Loco. engineer 44 14 Loco. fireman 42 15 Machinist 14 16 Mason & Bricklayer 35 17 Mill Worker 18 18 Miner 46 19 Miscellaneous 117 20 Office Help 72 21 Painter 22 22 Plasterer 8 23 Printer 29 24 Retail Clerk 130 25 Switchman 5 26 Teacher 44 27 Teamster 15 28 Tinner 8 29 Track Foreman 11 30 Trackman 10 Total 1,058 Table 5 County [RES] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 3 1 Allen 11 2 Atchison 23 3 Barton 13 4 Bourbon 11 5 Brown 30 6 Butler 18 7 Chase 20 8 Cherokee 22 9 Cloud 18 10 Coffey 7 11 Cowley 22 12 Crawford 57 13 Dickinson 18 14 Douglas 22 15 Ellis 10 16 Finney 16 17 Ford 11 18 Franklin 9 19 Geary 13 20 Hamilton 1 21 Harper 6 22 Harvey 4 23 Jackson 10 24 Jefferson 9 25 Johnson 6 26 Kingman 1 27 Labette 26 28 Leavenwor 24 29 Linn 20 30 Lyon 22 31 Marion 12 32 Marshall 26 33 McPherson 23 34 Miami 22 35 Mitchell 11 36 Montgomer 31 37 Morris 2 38 Nemaha 24 39 Neosho 26 40 Norton 10 41 Osage 15 42 Osborne 11 43 Ottawa 8 44 Pottawato 19 45 Reno 15 46 Rice 8 47 Saline 7 48 Sedgwick 47 49 Shawnee 96 50 Sherman 11 51 Summer 45 52 Washington 13 53 Wilson 28 54 Woodson 4 55 Wyandotte 61 Total 1,058 Table 6 Age [AGE] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Age or code Frequency -9(No response) 13 17 - 20 35 21 - 25 176 26 - 30 187 31 - 35 177 36 - 40 165 41 - 45 125 46 - 50 66 51 - 55 48 56 - 60 41 61 - 65 14 66 - 70 7 71 - 72 4 Total 1,058 Table 7 Place of Birth of Respondents [POB] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 8 1 Alabama 3 2 Austria 3 3 Baden 1 4 California 1 5 Canada 11 6 Colorado 2 7 Connecticut 3 8 Denmark 3 9 England 27 10 France 1 11 Georgia 4 12 Germany 24 13 Illinois 146 14 Indiana 104 15 Iowa 59 16 Ireland 9 17 Kansas 150 18 Kentucky 53 19 Louisiana 1 20 Maine 1 21 Maryland 1 22 Massachusetts 10 23 Michiganm 13 24 Minnesota 6 25 Mississippi 1 26 Missouri 59 27 N. Carolina 3 28 Nebraska 8 29 New Hampshire 1 30 New Jersey 9 31 New york 37 32 Norway 1 33 Ohio 121 34 Pennsylvania 63 35 S. Carolina 4 36 S. Wales 4 37 Scotland 7 38 Sweden 22 39 Switzerland 7 40 Tennessee 22 41 Texas 4 42 Vermont 6 43 Virginia 9 44 W. Virginia 5 45 Wales 3 46 Washington, DC 1 47 Wisconsin 17 Total 1,058 Table 8 Trade or Occupation [TRADE] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 2 -8 Not asked in the survey 890 1 Machinist 1 2 Pass. brakeman & bookkeeper 1 3 Brakeman & exe. conductor 2 4 Brakeman 19 5 Brakeman & conductor 1 6 Carpenter 1 7 Conductor 23 8 Eng. & fireman 1 9 Ext. conductor 1 10 Farmer 1 11 Locomotive fireman 40 12 Laborer 1 13 Locomotive engineer 43 14 Miller 1 15 Plasterer 1 16 Railroad conductor 3 17 Railroader 1 18 Railroading 7 19 Railroad brakeman 10 20 Railroad man 1 21 Railroad service 1 22 Switchman 4 23 Train service 1 24 Yardmaster 1 Total 1,058 Table 9 Present Employment [PRESEMPL] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 1 Railway employees--train service 1 Brakeman 26 2 Brakeman & conductor 1 3 Conductor 28 4 Ext. conductor 3 5 Extra engineer 2 6 Loco. fireman 41 7 Fore'n switchman 1 8 Frt. brakeman 2 9 Loco. engineer 42 10 Pass. brakeman 2 11 Railroad brakeman 13 12 Switchman 4 13 Yardmaster 1 14 Work in yard 1 Railway employees--miscellaneous trades 15 Blacksmiths 8 16 Machinists 14 17 Track Foremen 11 18 Trackmen 10 19 Agents and Telegraph Operators 20 20 Miscellaneous 24 Building trades 21 Carpenters 79 22 Laborers 109 23 Painters 22 24 Plasters 8 25 Stone-Masons and Bricklayers 35 26 Teamsters 15 27 Tinners 8 Miscellaneous trades 28 Barbers 21 29 Butchers 24 30 Cigar-Makers 7 31 Engineers, Stationary 19 32 Firemen, Stationary 13 33 Leather Workers 11 34 Mill Workers 18 35 Miners, Coal 46 36 Miscellaneous 64 37 Office Help 39 38 Printers 23 39 Retail Clerks 98 40 Teachers 13 Female wage-earners 41 Miscellaneous 29 42 Office Help 33 43 Printers 6 44 Retail Clerks 32 45 Teachers 31 Total 1,058 Table 10 Railroad System Employed on [RRSYSTEM] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Code Response Frequency -8 Not asked in the survey 890 2 K. C. & N. W. 2 3 K. C. P. & G., 11 4 Memphis, 9 5 M. K. & T., 17 6 Mo. Pac., 20 7 Rock Island 19 8 Rock Island & Mo. Pac., 3 9 Santa Fe, 74 10 St. J. & G. I. 1 11 St. L. & F. S. 1 12 St. L. & S. F. 2 13 Un. Pac., 8 14 U. P. & S. F. 1 Total 1,058 Table 11 Length of Division, in Miles [LNGTHDIV] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Miles or code Frequency -9(No response) 9 -8(Not asked in the survey) 890 22.0 - 25.0 miles 2 25.1 - 50.0 2 50.1 - 75.0 6 75.1 - 100.0 14 100.1 - 125.0 33 125.1 - 150.0 44 150.1 - 175.0 37 175.1 - 200.0 7 200.1 - 225.0 8 225.1 - 275.0 3 275.1 - 316.0 3 Total 1,058 Table 12 Average Number of Miles Made Per Month [MILEMO] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Number or code Frequency -9(No response) 25 -8(Not asked in the survey) 890 140.0 - 1,000.0 miles 1 1,000.1 - 1,500.0 13 1,500.1 - 2,000.0 17 2,000.1 - 2,500.0 18 2,500.1 - 3,000.0 47 3,000.1 - 3,500.0 26 3,500.1 - 4,000.0 7 4,000.1 - 4,500.0 9 4,500.1 - 5,000.0 1 5,000.1 - 6,000.0 2 6,000.1 - 6,300.0 2 Total 1,058 Table 13 Average Number of District Days Per Month [DISTMO] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Number or code Frequency -9(No response) 62 -8(Not asked in the survey) 890 8.0 - 10.0 days 4 10.1 - 12.0 2 12.1 - 14.0 3 14.1 - 16.0 2 16.1 - 18.0 6 18.1 - 20.0 14 20.1 - 22.0 9 22.1 - 24.0 10 24.1 - 26.0 25 26.1 - 28.0 13 28.1 - 30.0 10 30.1 - 32.0 3 32.1 - 60.0 5 Total 1,058 Table 14 Kind and Preference of System of Punishment for Offenses A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Frequency Code Response Kind Preference [PUNISH] [PREFPUN] -9 No response 4 8 -8 Not asked in the survey 890 890 1 Demerit 120 108 2 Time serving 43 52 3 Both 1 0 Total 1,058 1,058 Table 15 Length of Time Worked for Present Employer [YRSOCC] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Years or code Frequency -9(No response) 223 0.004 - 1.000 year 253 1.001 - 2.000 111 2.001 - 3.000 75 3.001 - 4.000 61 4.001 - 5.000 44 5.001 - 6.000 43 6.001 - 7.000 37 7.001 - 8.000 29 8.001 - 9.000 23 9.001 - 10.000 30 10.001 - 11.000 13 11.001 - 12.000 26 12.001 - 13.000 20 13.001 - 14.000 13 14.001 - 15.000 11 15.001 - 16.000 8 16.001 - 17.000 3 17.001 - 18.000 10 18.001 - 19.000 3 19.001 - 20.000 9 20.001 - 45.000 13 Total 1,058 Table 16 Opportunity for Employment as Compared with 1898 [OPPCHG] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 240 1 Decreased 140 2 Increased 452 3 Same 226 Total 1,058 Table 17 Causes for Non-employment and Number of Days Lost A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Frequency Days Sickness Inability Other Total or code [DLOSTSIC] [NOWORK] [DLOSTOTH] [DLOST] -9(No response) 704 859 820 460 -6("0") 0 0 2 1 0.50 - 5.00 days 91 5 34 53 5.01 - 10.00 73 12 45 69 10.01 - 15.00 39 6 21 33 15.01 - 20.00 18 4 22 23 20.01 - 25.00 17 3 8 28 25.01 - 30.00 36 25 22 36 30.01 - 35.00 7 4 7 16 35.01 - 40.00 10 10 9 31 40.01 - 45.00 4 2 4 13 45.01 - 50.00 2 5 4 14 50.01 - 55.00 1 1 2 4 55.01 - 60.00 12 20 21 36 60.01 - 314.00 44 102 37 241 Total 1,058 1,058 1,058 1,058 Table 18 Average Number of Hours Worked Per Day [HOURS] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Hours or code Frequency -9(No response) 154 2.00 - 4.00 hours 3 4.01 - 5.00 10 5.01 - 6.00 36 6.01 - 7.00 31 7.01 - 8.00 121 8.01 - 9.00 99 9.01 - 10.00 320 10.01 - 11.00 51 11.01 - 12.00 122 12.01 - 13.00 37 13.01 - 14.00 31 14.01 - 15.00 24 15.01 - 16.00 8 16.01 - 17.00 3 17.01 - 18.00 2 18.01 - 24.00 6 Total 1,058 Table 19 Length of Work-day as Compared with 1898 [DAYSCHG] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 336 1 Decreased 170 2 Increased 136 3 Same 416 Total 1,058 Table 20 Number of Hours That Should Constitute a Day's Work [NORMHRS] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Hours or code Frequency -9(No response) 149 4.0 - 5.0 hours 7 5.1 - 6.0 35 6.1 - 7.0 7 7.1 - 8.0 378 8.1 - 9.0 45 9.1 - 10.0 337 10.1 - 11.0 18 11.1 - 12.0 63 12.1 - 13.0 9 13.1 - 14.0 4 14.1 - 15.0 2 15.1 - 16.0 2 16.1 - 24.0 2 Total 1,058 Table 21 Are You in Favor of a Universial Eight-hour Work-day Established by Law [LAWHRS] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 195 1 No 212 2 Yes 651 Total 1,058 Table 22 Rate of Wages Received Per Hour [WAGEHR] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 913 $0.090 - 0.100 1 0.101 - 0.150 6 0.151 - 0.200 18 0.201 - 0.250 54 0.251 - 0.300 20 0.301 - 0.350 35 0.351 - 0.400 4 0.401 - 0.450 5 0.451 - 0.500 2 Total 1,058 Table 23 Rate of Wages Received Per Day [WAGEDAY] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 841 $0.66 - 1.00 21 1.01 - 1.25 42 1.26 - 1.50 64 1.51 - 1.75 10 1.76 - 2.00 29 2.01 - 2.25 6 2.26 - 2.50 29 2.51 - 2.75 2 2.76 - 3.00 12 3.01 - 4.00 2 Total 1,058 Table 24 Rate of Wages Received Per Week [WAGEWK] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 932 $1.50 - 2.00 4 2.01 - 3.00 11 3.01 - 4.00 7 4.01 - 5.00 17 5.01 - 6.00 11 6.01 - 7.00 9 7.01 - 8.00 5 8.01 - 9.00 12 9.01 - 10.00 17 10.01 - 11.00 5 11.01 - 12.00 9 12.01 - 13.00 0 13.01 - 14.00 1 14.01 - 15.00 9 15.01 - 30.00 9 Total 1,058 Table 25 Rate of Wages Received Per Month [WAGEMO] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 731 $6.00 - 15.00 3 15.01 - 20.00 16 20.01 - 25.00 21 25.01 - 30.00 19 30.01 - 35.00 36 35.01 - 40.00 58 40.01 - 45.00 33 45.01 - 50.00 41 50.01 - 55.00 14 55.01 - 60.00 28 60.01 - 65.00 10 65.01 - 70.00 11 70.01 - 75.00 9 75.01 - 80.00 2 80.01 - 150.00 26 Total 1,058 Table 25 Rate of Wages Received Per Ton [WAGETON] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 853 -8(Not asked in the survey) 168 $0.10 1 0.60 25 0.64 1 0.76 7 1.10 1 1.25 2 Total 1,058 Table 27 Rate of Wages Received Per Piece [WAGEPIE] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 869 -8(Not asked in the survey) 168 -6("60%") 3 $0.017 1 0.055 2 0.200 1 0.250 2 0.300 4 0.500 1 8.000 2 9.000 3 10.000 2 Total 1,058 Table 28 Rate of Wages Received Per Mile [WAGEMILE] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 35 -8(Not asked in the survey) 890 $0.020 40 0.021 4 0.023 22 0.024 6 0.025 1 0.030 20 0.035 14 0.039 1 0.040 25 Total 1,058 Table 29 Average Earnings Per Day for Piece-work or Ton [EDAYPIE] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 837 -8(Not asked in the survey) 168 $0.55 - 1.00 4 1.01 - 1.25 5 1.26 - 1.50 14 1.51 - 1.75 9 1.76 - 2.00 15 2.01 - 2.25 1 2.26 - 2.50 5 Total 1,058 Table 30 Total Wages Received for Labor during 1899 [WAGE] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 101 $25.00 - 100.00 23 100.01 - 200.00 70 200.01 - 300.00 130 300.01 - 400.00 164 400.01 - 500.00 160 500.01 - 600.00 149 600.01 - 700.00 70 700.01 - 800.00 75 800.01 - 900.00 35 900.01 - 1,000.00 27 1,000.01 - 2,300.00 54 Total 1,058 Table 31 Income from Other Sources [OTHINC] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 755 $2.00 - 50.00 102 50.01 - 100.00 74 100.01 - 150.00 42 150.01 - 200.00 32 200.01 - 250.00 14 250.01 - 300.00 14 300.01 - 350.00 1 350.01 - 400.00 9 400.01 - 450.00 2 450.01 - 500.00 8 500.01 - 750.00 5 Total 1,058 Table 32 Total Income from all Sources, including Wages [TOTEAR] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 93 $25.00 - 100.00 16 100.01 - 200.00 57 200.01 - 300.00 115 300.01 - 400.00 158 400.01 - 500.00 157 500.01 - 600.00 148 600.01 - 700.00 78 700.01 - 800.00 78 800.01 - 900.00 50 900.01 - 1,000.00 33 1,000.01 - 1,100.00 24 1,100.01 - 1,200.00 14 1,200.01 - 1,300.00 9 1,300.01 - 1,400.00 10 1,400.01 - 1,500.00 7 1,500.01 - 2,300.00 11 Total 1,058 Table 33 Interval of Wage Payment A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Frequency Code Response When pay Preference [PERIOD] [PREFPER] -9 No response 81 142 1 Daily 7 2 2 Weekly 286 504 3 Biweekly 95 66 4 Triweekly 1 0 5 Monthly 470 334 6 Quarterly 3 0 7 Irregularly 115 10 Total 1,058 1,058 Table 34 Wages as Compared with 1898 [WGCHG] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 290 1 Decreased 76 2 Increased 337 3 Same 355 Total 1,058 Table 35 Marrige Status [MS] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 5 1 Single 352 2 Married 701 Total 1,058 Table 36 Head of Family [HEAD] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 334 1 No 11 2 Yes 713 Total 1,058 Table 37 Number of Persons Dependent for Support [DEP] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Number or code Frequency -9(No response) 3 1 person 272 2 198 3 164 4 162 5 112 6 76 7 42 8 20 9 7 10 1 11 1 Total 1,058 Table 38 Expenditures on Food [EXPFOOD] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 459 $11.00 - 50.00 15 50.01 - 100.00 55 100.01 - 150.00 98 150.01 - 200.00 153 200.01 - 250.00 114 250.01 - 300.00 64 300.01 - 350.00 28 350.01 - 400.00 46 400.01 - 450.00 3 450.01 - 500.00 17 500.01 - 815.00 6 Total 1,058 Table 39 Expenditures for Living A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Frequency Value Fuel Clothing Sickness Rent or code [EXPFUEL] [EXPCLOT] [EXPSICK] [RENT] -9(No response) 541 480 600 708 $1.00 - 10.00 43 11 152 11 10.01 - 20.00 84 29 89 9 20.01 - 30.00 157 57 72 25 30.01 - 40.00 92 56 28 24 40.01 - 50.00 76 90 41 33 50.01 - 60.00 28 32 7 59 60.01 - 70.00 10 15 7 9 70.01 - 80.00 14 66 11 37 80.01 - 90.00 5 13 2 20 90.01 - 100.00 3 91 18 42 100.01 - 110.00 1 11 0 12 110.01 - 120.00 0 10 4 32 120.01 - 1,500.00 4 97 27 37 Total 1,058 1,058 1,058 1,058 Table 40 Total Expenditures for Living [TOTEXP] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 306 $5.00 - 100.00 29 100.01 - 200.00 92 200.01 - 300.00 174 300.01 - 400.00 170 400.01 - 500.00 126 500.01 - 600.00 72 600.01 - 700.00 36 700.01 - 800.00 23 800.01 - 900.00 14 900.01 - 1,000.00 10 1,000.01 - 2,660.00 6 Total 1,058 Table 41 Expenditure for Living as Compared with 1898 [EXPCHG] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 342 1 Decreased 41 2 Increased 473 3 Same 202 Total 1,058 Table 42 Is Cash Paid at Time of Purchase? [PAYCASH] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 80 -7 Line missing in the report 1 1 No 355 2 Yes 616 3 Scrip. 6 Total 1,058 Table 43 Preference of Cash or Credit System [PREFPAY] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 94 -7 Line missing in the report 1 1 Cash 914 2 Credit 49 Total 1,058 Table 44 Total Amount of Permanent Investment Aside from Insurance [INVEST] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 876 -7(Line missing in the report) 1 $6.00 - 50.00 29 50.01 - 100.00 33 100.01 - 150.00 27 150.01 - 200.00 13 200.01 - 250.00 11 250.01 - 300.00 12 300.01 - 350.00 4 350.01 - 400.00 4 400.01 - 450.00 2 450.01 - 500.00 7 500.01 - 9,000.00 39 Total 1,058 Table 45 Amount of Insurance Carried A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Frequency Value Old-line life Fraternal life Accident or code [INSLCAR] [INSFCAR] [INSACAR] -9(No response) 931 559 959 -7(Line missing in the report) 1 1 1 $50.00 - 500.00 18 27 13 500.01 - 1,000.00 48 90 22 1,000.01 - 1,500.00 5 33 23 1,500.01 - 2,000.00 33 206 20 2,000.01 - 2,500.00 5 10 4 2,500.01 - 3,000.00 10 46 5 3,000.01 - 3,500.00 1 13 3 3,500.01 - 4,000.00 1 21 0 4,000.01 - 4,500.00 0 9 0 4,500.01 - 5,000.00 2 21 6 5,000.01 - 13,500.00 3 22 2 Total 1,058 1,058 1,058 Table 46 Amount of Fire Insurance on Home Carried [INSFHCAR] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 794 -7(Line missing in the report) 1 $150.00 - 200.00 11 200.01 - 400.00 61 400.01 - 600.00 79 600.01 - 800.00 39 800.01 - 1,000.00 33 1,000.01 - 1,200.00 7 1,200.01 - 1,400.00 8 1,400.01 - 1,600.00 14 1,600.01 - 1,800.00 2 1,800.01 - 2,000.00 3 2,000.01 - 4,500.00 6 Total 1,058 Table 47 Amount of Fire Insurance on Household Goods Carried [INSFGCAR] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 798 -7(Line missing in the report) 1 -6(Included in amount on home) 4 $50.00 - 100.00 27 100.01 - 200.00 49 200.01 - 300.00 60 300.01 - 400.00 29 400.01 - 500.00 54 500.01 - 600.00 6 600.01 - 700.00 5 700.01 - 800.00 4 800.01 - 900.00 1 900.01 - 1,000.00 15 1,000.01 - 2,000.00 5 Total 1,058 Table 48 Annual Cost of Insurance A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Frequency Value Old-line Fraternal Accident or code [INSLCOS] [INSFCOS] [INSACOS] -9(No response) 938 593 955 -7(Line missing in the report) 1 1 1 -6($104.38 per year for ten years) 1 0 0 -5(Paid up; twenty year endowment) 1 0 0 $0.80 - 10.00 12 82 23 10.01 - 20.00 23 191 25 20.01 - 30.00 3 75 21 30.01 - 40.00 4 46 20 40.01 - 50.00 0 34 7 50.01 - 60.00 1 17 5 60.01 - 70.00 5 5 1 70.01 - 80.00 6 8 0 80.01 - 90.00 1 0 0 90.01 - 100.00 3 1 0 100.01 - 182.00 9 5 0 Total 1,058 1,058 1,058 Table 49 Annual Cost of Fire Insurance on Home [INSFHCOS] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 869 -7(Line missing in the report) 1 -6(Included in cost on household goods) 6 $0.40 - 1.00 13 1.01 - 2.00 44 2.01 - 3.00 37 3.01 - 4.00 22 4.01 - 5.00 18 5.01 - 6.00 11 6.01 - 7.00 7 7.01 - 8.00 2 8.01 - 9.00 5 9.01 - 10.00 7 10.01 - 11.00 2 11.01 - 13.00 2 13.01 - 14.00 1 14.01 - 15.00 3 15.01 - 85.00 8 Total 1,058 Table 50 Annual Cost of Fire Insurance on Household Goods [INSFGCOS] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 858 -7(Line missing in the report) 1 -6(Included in cost on home) 29 $0.20 - 1.00 38 1.01 - 2.00 59 2.01 - 3.00 27 3.01 - 4.00 14 4.01 - 5.00 16 5.01 - 6.00 4 6.01 - 7.00 2 7.01 - 8.00 1 8.01 - 9.00 3 9.01 - 10.00 0 10.01 - 75.00 6 Total 1,058 Table 51 Weekly Indemnity from Accident Insurance [INSAIND] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 1,031 -7(Line missing in the report) 1 $2.00 1 5.00 2 6.00 1 7.00 1 7.50 1 10.00 9 12.00 1 15.00 4 20.00 4 21.25 1 25.00 1 Total 1,058 Table 52 Total Amount of Insurance of All Kinds Carried [TOTINSCA] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 390 $50.00 - 500.00 73 500.01 - 1,000.00 100 1,000.01 - 1,500.00 55 1,500.01 - 2,000.00 113 2,000.01 - 2,500.00 67 2,500.01 - 3,000.00 68 3,000.01 - 3,500.00 38 3,500.01 - 4,000.00 38 4,000.01 - 4,500.00 21 4,500.01 - 5,000.00 19 5,000.01 - 5,500.00 18 5,500.01 - 6,000.00 11 6,000.01 - 6,500.00 3 6,500.01 - 7,000.00 9 7,000.01 - 7,500.00 4 7,500.01 - 8,000.00 8 8,000.01 - 8,500.00 0 8,500.01 - 9,000.00 6 9,000.01 - 9,500.00 0 9,500.01 - 10,000.00 5 10,000.01 - 19,300.00 12 Total 1,058 Table 53 Total Annual Cost of Insurance of All Kinds [TOTINSCO] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 474 $0.50 - 5.00 55 5.01 - 10.00 60 10.01 - 15.00 80 15.01 - 20.00 77 20.01 - 25.00 52 25.01 - 30.00 30 30.01 - 35.00 35 35.01 - 40.00 30 40.01 - 45.00 19 45.01 - 50.00 23 50.01 - 55.00 24 55.01 - 60.00 15 60.01 - 65.00 5 65.01 - 70.00 15 70.01 - 75.00 4 75.01 - 80.00 8 80.01 - 85.00 9 85.01 - 90.00 5 90.01 - 95.00 5 95.01 - 100.00 6 100.01 - 232.00 27 Total 1,058 Table 54 Do You Own a Home? [OWNHM] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 119 1 No 540 2 Yes 399 Total 1,058 Table 55 Value of Home [HMVALUE] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 667 $70.00 - 500.00 98 500.01 - 1,000.00 156 1,000.01 - 1,500.00 66 1,500.01 - 2,000.00 30 2,000.01 - 2,500.00 15 2,500.01 - 3,000.00 14 3,000.01 - 10,000.00 12 Total 1,058 Table 56 Amount Paid for Taxes, Repairs, and Improvements [TAXES] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 675 $0.90 - 10.00 72 10.01 - 20.00 84 20.01 - 30.00 62 30.01 - 40.00 38 40.01 - 50.00 39 50.01 - 60.00 16 60.01 - 70.00 8 70.01 - 80.00 11 80.01 - 90.00 4 90.01 - 100.00 14 100.01 - 600.00 35 Total 1,058 Table 57 Amount of Encumbrance on Home [INCUMB] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 908 $1.50 - 100.00 28 100.01 - 200.00 26 200.01 - 300.00 32 300.01 - 400.00 25 400.01 - 500.00 14 500.01 - 600.00 4 600.01 - 700.00 3 700.01 - 800.00 4 800.01 - 900.00 2 900.01 - 1,000.00 4 1,000.01 - 2,600.00 8 Total 1,058 Table 58 Amount of Interest Paid [MORTINTR] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 899 $1.00 - 10.00 43 10.01 - 20.00 31 20.01 - 30.00 36 30.01 - 40.00 18 40.01 - 50.00 8 50.01 - 60.00 5 60.01 - 70.00 2 70.01 - 80.00 6 80.01 - 90.00 2 90.01 - 100.00 3 100.01 - 339.56 5 Total 1,058 Table 59 Monthly Rental for Home [RENTAL] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 670 $0.50 - 1.00 3 1.01 - 2.00 17 2.01 - 3.00 23 3.01 - 4.00 45 4.01 - 5.00 71 5.01 - 6.00 51 6.01 - 7.00 28 7.01 - 8.00 40 8.01 - 9.00 20 9.01 - 10.00 44 10.01 - 25.00 46 Total 1,058 Table 60 Amount Paid out for Miscellaneous Purposes [MISC] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 476 $1.00 - 20.00 118 20.01 - 40.00 82 40.01 - 60.00 68 60.01 - 80.00 54 80.01 - 100.00 51 100.01 - 120.00 26 120.01 - 140.00 24 140.01 - 160.00 32 160.01 - 180.00 16 180.01 - 200.00 25 200.01 - 220.00 12 220.01 - 240.00 7 240.01 - 260.00 10 260.01 - 280.00 8 280.01 - 300.00 9 300.01 - 880.25 40 Total 1,058 Table 61 Total Cost of Living [COLYR] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 193 $5.00 - 100.00 15 100.01 - 200.00 58 200.01 - 300.00 117 300.01 - 400.00 158 400.01 - 500.00 158 500.01 - 600.00 119 600.01 - 700.00 80 700.01 - 800.00 58 800.01 - 900.00 34 900.01 - 1,000.00 23 1,000.01 - 3,207.00 45 Total 1,058 Table 62 Savings over Earnings and Income [SAVINGS] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 624 $1.96 - 25.00 81 25.01 - 50.00 56 50.01 - 75.00 42 75.01 - 100.00 60 100.01 - 125.00 37 125.01 - 150.00 23 150.01 - 175.00 10 175.01 - 200.00 32 200.01 - 225.00 11 225.01 - 250.00 18 250.01 - 275.00 11 275.01 - 300.00 8 300.01 - 813.30 45 Total 1,058 Table 63 Expenditures over Earnings and Income [DEFICIT] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 892 $0.60 - 10.00 31 10.01 - 20.00 26 20.01 - 30.00 13 30.01 - 40.00 13 40.01 - 50.00 14 50.01 - 60.00 4 60.01 - 70.00 10 70.01 - 80.00 4 80.01 - 90.00 3 90.01 - 100.00 8 100.01 - 110.00 1 110.01 - 120.00 3 120.01 - 130.00 2 130.01 - 140.00 3 140.01 - 150.00 2 150.01 - 1,138.25 29 Total 1,058 Table 64 Member of What Labor Organization [UNION] A Survey of 1,058 Kansas Wage-Earners, 1899 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 233 -6 "None" 381 1 A.M.C.of B.W.of N.A. 19 2 A.R.U. 1 3 B. of L.E. 1 4 B. of P.&D. of A. 4 5 B. of R.T. of A. 3 6 B.&M.I.U. 14 7 B.L.& S.M.I.U. 1 8 B.L.I.P.U. 19 9 B.of L.E. 43 10 B.of L.E. & B.of L.F. 1 11 B.of L.F. 40 12 B.of R.T. 37 13 B.of R.T. & B.of L.F. 1 14 Bakers' Union 1 15 C.I.U.of N.A. 3 16 C.M.I.U. 6 17 Ele. Workers' U. 2 18 F.L.U. 31 19 I.A. of M. 8 20 I.B. of B. 4 21 I.B. of S.F. 10 22 I.T.U. 14 23 I.U.S.E. 2 24 J.B.I.U. 7 25 J.B.L.U.&K.S.B.A. 1 26 J.S.C.A. of N.A. 8 27 Jour. Plumbers. 1 28 K. of L. 1 29 K.S.B.A. 9 30 O.R.C. 38 31 O.R.T. 11 32 R.C.I.P.A. 5 33 R.C.N.P.A. 1 34 R.R.P.C.Assn. 1 35 S.U. of N.A. 3 36 T.D.I.U. 4 37 Tailors' Union 1 38 U.B. of C.&J. of A. 35 39 U.B.of L.W. 1 40 U.B.of L.W.on H.G. 6 41 U.M.W.of A. 45 42 U.M.W.of A.&E.A.A. 1 Total 1,058