CODEBOOK AND USER'S MANUAL: A SURVEY OF 361 MALE WAGE-EARNERS IN KANSAS, 1898 REPORTED IN THE FOURTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE KANSAS BUREAU OF LABOR AND INDUSTRIAL STATISTICS, 1898 Version 1.1 May 9, 1993 Susan B. Carter Roger L. Ransom Richard Sutch Hongcheng Zhao Historical Labor Statistics Project Institute of Business and Economic Research University of California Berkeley, California 94720 This codebook is a preliminary draft. The data described here and accompanying this version of the codebook is still in a preliminary format and may contain errors. Those wishing to use this data for research purposes should check with the authors for an update. Neither the collectors of the data or those sponsoring the data collection wish to bear responsibility for the use to which others may make of this data. The financial support of the National Science Foundation, the All-UC Group in Economic History, and of the Institute of Business and Economic Research and the Laboratory for Historical Research, both of the University of California, is appreciated. For further description of the Historical Labor Statistics Project, discussion of the social, economic, and political context in which the data were collected, and an assessment of data quality, see Susan B. Carter, Roger L. Ransom, and Richard Sutch, "The Historical Labor Statistics Project at the University of California," Historical Methods 24 (2) (Spring 1991): 52-65 and Susan B. Carter, Roger L. Ransom, and Richard Sutch, "Doing the Wright Thing: Carroll Wright and the State Labor Statistics Movement." Paper Presented at the Conference on Historical Labor Statistics, Lawrence, Kansas, June 1991. Suggested Citation: Susan B. Carter, Roger L. Ransom, Richard Sutch, and Hongcheng Zhao. Codebook and User's Manual: A Survey of 361 Male Wage- Earners in Kansas, 1898; Reported in the Fourteenth Annual Report of the Kansas Bureau of Labor and Industrial Statistics. Berkeley: Institute of Business and Economic Research, 1993. A SURVEY OF 361 MALE WAGE-EARNERS IN KANSAS, 1898 This survey of 361 male wage-earners in Kansas was conducted by the State's Bureau of Labor and Industrial Statistics in 1898 and published in its Fourteenth Annual Report. [1] It was one of a series of worker surveys conducted by the Bureau. The survey was conducted by mail. On December 31, 1898, a cover letter explaining the Bureau's mandate and goals together with a 30-question schedule and a stamped return envelope were sent to the secretaries of all labor organizations in the state who were asked to distribute copies to individual wage-earners. The Bureau does not mention how many schedules were distributed. It did, however, express frustration at the results. The inquiry into the conditions surrounding the wage- earners of the state was made this year through the usual medium of the mails, and is attended with the usual results: the expenditure of a large amount of postage with but meager returns to show for the same. [2] Despite these problems, the Bureau felt the returns were "fairly indicative of the conditions surrounding the wage-earners of the state" [3] and published the individual returns without further comment. The Historical Labor Statistics Project has transformed these data into machine-readable form using the procedures and codes outlined in this Codebook. Table 1 lists the questions asked in the survey and the variable names assigned to each response. Tables 2 through 26 present descriptive statistics on the values and distributions of responses to the questions asked including, where necessary, the numeric codes used in entering the data into the computer. Since version 1.0, some of the variable names have been changed. Users are reminded to be aware of these changes. The data from this sample of 361 male wage-earners in Kansas in 1897 has been archived at the Laboratory for Historical Research at the University of California, Riverside. For additional information regarding the availability of these data please contact: Professor Roger Ransom Department of History University of California Riverside, CA 92521 FAX [909] 787-5299 NOTES [1] The Kansas Bureau of Labor and Industrial Statistics, Fourteenth Annual Report 1898. Topeka: W. Y. Morgan, State Printer, 1899. [2] Ibid., p. 96. [3] Ibid., p. 97. Table 1 Questions Asked of Respondents Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Name Description PAGE Page on Which the Survey Results Begin ID Case Number TABLE Table Number SUB_ID Case Number Assigned by the Kansas Bureau RES Residence POB Birth of Place TRADE Trade or Profession OCC Present Employment or Occupation HOURS Average Number of Hours Worked Per Day during 1898 COMPHR Compensation Per Hour COMPDAY Compensation Per Day COMPWK Compensation Per Week COMPMO Compensation Per Month COMPMILE Compensation Per Mile COMPTON Compensation Per Ton COMPPIE Compensation for Piece-work(Commission) WAGE Total Wages Received for Labor, 1898 OTHINC Total Income from other Sources, 1898 TOTEAR Grand Total Income from all Sources for 1898 MS Marital Status HEAD Head of Family DEP Number in Family Dependent upon You for Support COLYR Total Cost of Living for Yourself(and Family, if any) for 1898(Rent, Food, Clothing, Books, etc.). SAVINGS Total Amount of Savings for 1898 INVEST Amount of Permanent Investment Per Annum, by Instalment or otherwise. HMVALUE Value of Home, if You Own a Home. INCUMB Amount of Incumbrance on Home RENT Monthly Rental for Home, if You Live in a Rented Home. UNION Of What Labor Organization are You a Member? Table 2 Residence [RES] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Code Response Frequency 1 Atchison 7 2 Barton 1 3 Bourbon 61 4 Brown 2 5 Butler 3 6 Cherokee 7 7 Coffey 6 8 Crawford 18 9 Dickinson 2 10 Ellis 1 11 Ford 7 12 Franklin 1 13 Geary 3 14 Hamilton 1 15 Harvey 3 16 Johnson 5 17 Labette 34 18 Lworth 11 19 Lyon 3 20 Marshal 3 21 Miami 4 22 Montgomery 2 23 Neosho 8 24 Osage 2 25 Reno 44 26 Riley 8 27 Sedgwick 21 28 Shawnee 24 29 Sherman 3 30 Sumner 5 31 Wilson 6 32 Wyandotte 55 Total 361 Table 3 Birth of Place [POB] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 2 1 Alabama 1 2 America 2 3 Arkansas 1 4 Australia 1 5 Austria 1 6 California 1 7 Canada 3 8 Colorado 1 9 Connecticut 3 10 Denmark 2 11 England 11 12 France 2 13 Germany 11 14 Illinois 50 15 Indiana 25 16 Iowa 14 17 Ireland 7 18 Kansas 47 19 Kentucky 15 20 Maryland 1 21 Massachusetts 2 22 Michigan 5 23 Minnesota 1 24 Mississippi 5 25 Missouri 36 26 Nebraska 2 27 New Jersey 6 28 New York 11 29 North Carolina 3 30 Ohio 47 31 Ontario 1 32 Pennsylvania 19 33 Russia 1 34 Scotland 2 35 Sweden 3 36 Tennessee 7 37 Vermont 2 38 Virginia 3 39 West Virginia 1 40 Wisconsin 3 Total 361 Table 4 Trade or Profession [TRADE] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Code Response Frequency 1 Barber 26 2 Blacksmith 3 3 Blacksmiths' helper 5 4 Boiler-maker 5 5 Boilermakers' apprentice 2 6 Boilermakers' helper 5 7 Brass-buffer 1 8 Brick-mason 2 9 Bricklayer 1 10 Butcher 1 11 Butcher workmen 16 12 Car repairers' helper 4 13 Carpenter 21 14 Cigar maker 14 15 Cooper 6 16 Engineer 1 17 Fireman 1 18 Harness-maker 4 19 Laborer 39 20 Lineman 2 21 Locomotive engineer 21 22 Locomotive fireman 2 23 Machinist 32 24 Machinists' helper 11 25 Millwright 2 26 Miner 23 27 Mule driver 1 28 Oleomargarine worker 1 29 Packing house laborer 4 30 Painter 9 31 Pressman 2 32 Printer 3 33 Railroad blacksmith 5 34 Railroad brakeman 2 35 Railroad conductor 1 36 Railroad section foreman 9 37 Railroad trackman 9 38 Railroad train service 1 39 Railway conductor 1 40 Railway trainman 24 41 Railroad train service 18 42 Shoemaker 1 43 Station agent and operator 1 44 Stationary fireman 1 45 Stone-mason 5 46 Switchman 2 47 Teacher 1 48 Teacher, toolsmith 1 49 Teamster 1 50 Telegraph operator 2 51 Tinsmith 4 52 Wood machinist 1 53 Yard master 1 Total 361 Table 5 Present Employment or Occupation [OCC] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Code Response Frequency 1 Barber 26 2 Beef butcher 1 3 Blacksmith 3 4 Blacksmiths' helper 5 5 Boiler-maker 5 6 Boilermakers' helper 7 7 Brass-buffer 1 8 Brick-mason 2 9 Bricklayer 1 10 Car repairer 8 11 Car repairers' helper 4 12 Carpenter 10 13 Casing worker 4 14 Cementing roofs 1 15 Check weighman 3 16 Cigar maker 14 17 Coach repairer 1 18 Cooper 5 19 Electrical worker 2 20 Express messenger 1 21 Extra conductor 1 22 Extra engineer 1 23 Foreman painter 1 24 Gardener 1 25 General yard master 1 26 Harness-maker 4 27 Laborer 12 28 Loco. engineer 20 29 Loco. fireman 2 30 Locomotive repairer 1 31 Machinist 32 32 Machinists' helper 11 33 Millwright 2 34 Miner 1 35 Mining 18 36 Mining, toolsmith 1 37 Oleomarg. worker 1 38 P'king house laborer 4 39 Painter 7 40 Pork butcher 7 41 Pressman 2 42 Printer 3 43 Railroad blacksmith 5 44 Railroad brakeman 27 45 Railroad conductor 1 46 Railroad section foreman 9 47 Railroad shops 1 48 Railroad trackman 10 49 Rld. conductor 17 50 Salt worker 32 51 Sheep butcher 4 52 Station agent and operator 1 53 Stationary fireman 2 54 Stone-mason 3 55 Switchman 1 56 Teamster 3 57 Telegraph operator 2 58 Tinsmith 4 59 Yard master 2 Total 361 Table 6 Average Number of Hours Worked Per Day during 1898 [HOURS] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Hours or code Frequency -9(No response) 16 5.00 - 6.00 hours 15 6.01 - 7.00 19 7.01 - 8.00 53 8.01 - 9.00 66 9.01 - 10.00 104 10.01 - 11.00 8 11.01 - 12.00 53 12.01 - 13.00 9 13.01 - 14.00 8 14.01 - 15.00 8 15.01 - 16.00 2 Total 361 Table 7 Compensation Per Hour [COMPHR] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 19 -8(Not asked in the survey) 201 $0.100 - 0.125 11 0.126 - 0.150 11 0.151 - 0.175 17 0.176 - 0.200 8 0.201 - 0.225 18 0.226 - 0.250 25 0.251 - 0.275 2 0.276 - 0.300 28 0.301 - 0.500 21 Total 361 Table 8 Compensation Per Day [COMPDAY] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 194 -8(Not asked in the survey) 89 $0.75 - 1.00 4 1.01 - 1.20 4 1.21 - 1.30 32 1.31 - 1.40 4 1.41 - 1.50 23 1.51 - 1.60 0 1.61 - 1.70 1 1.71 - 1.80 2 1.81 - 1.90 0 1.91 - 2.00 6 2.01 - 2.75 2 Total 361 Table 9 Compensation Per Week [COMPWK] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 245 -8(Not asked in the survey) 83 $7.00 1 8.00 3 9.00 4 10.00 7 12.00 12 13.00 1 14.00 1 15.00 1 16.00 2 20.00 1 Total 361 Table 10 Compensation Per Month [COMPMO] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 162 -8(Not asked in the survey) 157 $15.00 - 25.00 1 25.01 - 50.00 13 50.01 - 75.00 9 75.01 - 100.00 9 100.01 - 125.00 8 125.01 - 145.00 2 Total 361 Table 11 Compensation Per Mile [COMPMILE] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 33 -8(Not asked in the survey) 278 $0.020 25 0.021 - 0.025 1 0.026 - 0.030 16 0.031 - 0.035 3 0.036 - 0.040 4 0.041 - 0.045 1 Total 361 Table 12 Compensation Per Ton [COMPTON] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 44 -8(Not asked in the survey) 315 $0.52 1 0.92 1 Total 361 Table 13 Compensation for Piece-work(Commission) [COMPPIE] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 30 -8(Not asked in the survey) 321 -7("60%") 4 $7.00 3 8.00 1 9.00 1 10.00 1 Total 361 Table 14 Total Wages Received for Labor, 1898 [WAGE] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Value or code Frequency $100.00 - 200.00 22 200.01 - 300.00 50 300.01 - 400.00 54 400.01 - 500.00 54 500.01 - 600.00 66 600.01 - 700.00 32 700.01 - 800.00 28 800.01 - 900.00 12 900.01 - 1,000.00 12 1,000.01 - 1,100.00 6 1,100.01 - 1,200.00 12 1,200.01 - 1,644.00 13 Total 361 Table 15 Total Income from other Sources, 1898 [OTHINC] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 291 $5.00 - 50.00 26 50.01 - 100.00 11 100.01 - 150.00 14 150.01 - 200.00 3 200.01 - 250.00 5 250.01 - 300.00 3 300.01 - 1,000.00 8 Total 361 Table 16 Grand Total Income from all Sources, 1898 [TOTEAR] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Value or code Frequency $100.00 - 200.00 18 200.01 - 300.00 47 300.01 - 400.00 55 400.01 - 500.00 52 500.01 - 600.00 61 600.01 - 700.00 32 700.01 - 800.00 26 800.01 - 900.00 19 900.01 - 1,000.00 14 1,000.01 - 1,100.00 7 1,100.01 - 1,200.00 11 1,200.01 - 1,816.00 19 Total 361 Table 17 Marital Status [MS] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 1 1 Single 83 2 Married 277 Total 361 Table 18 Head of Family [HEAD] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 65 2 Yes 296 Total 361 Table 19 Number in Family Dependent upon You for Support [DEP] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Number or code Frequency -9(No response) 65 1 person 4 2 77 3 67 4 65 5 36 6 31 7 7 8 7 9 1 10 1 Total 361 Table 20 Total Cost of Living for Yourself and Family [COLYR] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 2 $100.00 - 200.00 34 200.01 - 300.00 71 300.01 - 400.00 65 400.01 - 500.00 72 500.01 - 600.00 44 600.01 - 700.00 19 700.01 - 800.00 24 800.01 - 900.00 10 900.01 - 1,000.00 10 1,000.01 - 1,100.00 2 1,100.01 - 1,200.00 5 1,200.01 - 1,600.00 3 Total 361 Table 21 Total Amount of Savings, 1898 [SAVINGS] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 210 $7.00 - 50.00 27 50.01 - 100.00 32 100.01 - 150.00 26 150.01 - 200.00 21 200.01 - 250.00 8 250.01 - 300.00 8 300.01 - 350.00 5 350.01 - 400.00 7 400.01 - 1,000.00 17 Total 361 Table 22 Amount of Permanent Investment Per Annum [INVEST] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 278 $5.00 - 50.00 23 50.01 - 100.00 21 100.01 - 150.00 18 150.01 - 200.00 7 200.01 - 250.00 5 250.01 - 300.00 4 300.01 - 600.00 5 Total 361 Table 23 Value of Home, if You Own Home [HMVALUE] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 241 $98.00 - 200.00 9 200.01 - 400.00 14 400.01 - 600.00 16 600.01 - 800.00 19 800.01 - 1,000.00 19 1,000.01 - 1,200.00 7 1,200.01 - 1,400.00 3 1,400.01 - 1,600.00 16 1,600.01 - 3,500.00 17 Total 361 Table 24 Amount of Incumbrance on Home [INCUMB] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 304 $2.25 - 100.00 6 100.01 - 200.00 7 200.01 - 300.00 6 300.01 - 400.00 14 400.01 - 500.00 10 500.01 - 600.00 5 600.01 - 2,000.00 9 Total 361 Table 25 Monthly Rental for Home [RENT] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Value or code Frequency -9(No response) 174 $2.00 - 3.00 11 3.01 - 4.00 24 4.01 - 5.00 31 5.01 - 6.00 26 6.01 - 7.00 17 7.01 - 8.00 22 8.01 - 9.00 9 9.01 - 10.00 27 10.01 - 21.00 20 Total 361 Table 26 Of What Labor Organization are You a Member? [UNION] Survey of 361 Male Wage-Earners in Kansas, 1898 Code Response Frequency -9 No response 88 1 A. M. C. & B. U. 5 2 A. M. C. & B. W. of A. 16 3 A. S. M. W. I. A. 4 4 B. L. I. P. U. 7 5 B. L. I. P. U. of N. A. 1 6 B. of B. M. & I. S. B. 2 7 B. of R. T. & Switchmen's Union 1 8 Brick-masons' International Union 2 9 Bricklayers & Masons' Int. Union 1 10 Brotherhood of Loco. Engineers 22 11 Brotherhood of Loco. Fireman 2 12 Brotherhood of Railroad Trackmen of America 13 13 Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen 3 14 Brotherhood of Railway Trainmen 20 15 Cigar-makers' I. U. of America 12 16 Coopers' Int. Union of N. America 2 17 Enterprising American Association 1 18 Federal Labor Union No.6635 43 19 Horseshoers' National Association 1 20 Int. Typographical Union 3 21 International Association of Machinist 12 22 International Brotherhood of Blacksmiths 2 23 J. B. I. U. of A. 9 24 Kansas State Barbers' Association 15 25 Knights of Labor 3 26 National Brotherhood of Electrical Workers 2 27 Order of Railroad Conductors 21 28 Order of Railroad Trainmen 3 29 Order Railway Conductors 3 30 Pressmen's Union 2 31 Stone-masons' International Union 3 32 Switchmen's Union 1 33 United Brotherhood of C. & J. of A. 12 34 United Brotherhood of 4 Leather Workers 35 United Mine Workers of America 20 Total 361