Global Finance

Below are data tables which accompany Marc Flandreau and Frédréric Zumer's book The Making of Global Finance, 1880-1913, OECD 2004. Please refer to it when quoting sources. A detailed presentation of the data and methodology is available in the monograph which can be read online.

The tables provide economic data for seventeen countries: Argentina, Austria-Hungary, Belgium, Brazil, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. Except when stated otherwise, units are million of domestic currency. The national units are: Argentina: paper peso; Austria-Hungary: florin; Belgium: Belgian franc; Brazil: Brazilian milreis; Denmark: kroner; France: French franc; Germany: mark; Greece: drachma, Italy: lira, Netherlands: Dutch florin; Norway: kroner, Portugal: Portuguese milreis; Spain: peseta; Sweden: kronor; Switzerland: Swiss franc; Russia: ruble; United Kingdom: pound.

Interest Service Total coupon payment on foreign debt
Virtual Service Unpaid part of foreign service (defaulting nations)
Share in Gold Share of foreign debt serviced in gold or gold currency (%)
Government revenue  
German government revenue  
Deficits  
Public Debts Nominal debt
German Debts  
Share of Customs Share of custom revenue in government revenue (%)
Reserves Central bank reserves
Circulation Notes circulation
Nominal GDP  
Prices Base: 100 = 1913
Exports  
Population  
Yields Yield on government gold bonds
Short term rates Central bank rates
Exchange Rates Annual average number of francs for one foreign unit
Exchange rate volatility Vulnerability index (average cumulated depreciation)
Years on gold  
Suffrage Fraction of population with right to vote
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